Improvement in lamps and burners



:tenorel NITEn STATES PATENT OEEroE.

IRA W. SHALER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT'IN LAMPS AND BURNERS..

Specilication forming part of Letters Patent No. 124,017, dated February27, 1872.

To whom fit may concern:

Be it known that I, IRA W. SHALER, of Brooklyn, Kings county, in theState of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inLamps and Lamp-Burners, of which the following is a specification:

My invention relates to means for perfecting the combustion andincreasing the light in chimneylamps and lamp-burners, particularly suchlamps and burners as are adapted to burn the lighter and more volatilehydrocarbons;

and it consists in the combination, in such a lamp or burner, with achimney having a contracted neck, of a device which I call aflameregulator,77 constructed and applied substantially in the mannerhereinafter described, so as to break up or divide the body of the ame,changing the form which said iame would otherwise have, and introducingair into its interior for the purpose of obtaining more completecombustion In illustration of my invention, I have shown this devicecombined with a lamp or lampburner substantially such as patented to meon the 10th October, 1871, and it is in a lamp of this character thatthe beneficial effect of the employment of this device is especiallynoticeable.

Figure l is a perspective view of the lamp. Fig. 2 is a vertical centralsection ofthe same.

I shall describe the lamp only so far as is necessary to enable theoperation of myinvention to be understood, and will then describe moreparticularly the construction, arrangement, and operation of theflame-regulatin g device.

In this lamp a wire tubular wick, a., is used, with a filling of cottonwicking, b, which extends down into the lamp-reservoir. The latter isfilled with cotton or other suitable absorbent material, upon which ispoured no more of the light hydrocarbon than the absorbent material willhold in suspension. The wiregauze wick is surrounded by a wick-tube, c,from the top ofl which the gauze projects a suitable distance.Surrounding the wick-tube is a sleeve, d, which screws into the base of'the burner. The size ofthe iiame can be regulated by screwing up thesleeve more or less, to expose a greater or less portion of the upperpart of the wick. When the lamp is filled and ready for use, it islighted by applying a case.

match to the top of the wire-gauze. streams up in a round or cylindricalform, corresponding to the shape of' the wick in this My presentinvention is directed to the dividing ofthe flame, so as to increasethelight and perfect the combustion. To this end I employaflame-regulator, A, of the form substantially as shown. It isacup-shaped device, the body of which is divided so as to form divergingconcave-convex leaves e, surrounding the top of the wick and base orlower part of the dame, the upper ends or points of the leaves beingslightly drawn in toward the iiame. When in operation this deviceoccupies about the position shown in the drawing, and may be attached toand so as to move with the sleeve d, or it may be arranged to screwonto'the sleeve; or, again, it may screw or slide on the wick-tube, ormay be otherwise connected with the burner, so as to occupy the positionshown with relation to the wick. The base otl this cup may be perforatedor not, as preferred. In the drawing perforations f are shown. Theeffect of this leaf'ed name-regulating cup is to divide the naine and toso separate it as to allow an increased supply of oxygen to beincorporated with it, so as to greatly increase its size and brilliancy.The flame appears to rise from the leaves` e, being somewhat contractedin the spaces between the leaves,owing to the action of the air admittedat those points, and by the operation of the device is divided into fourdistinct parts, which, rising'. some distance above the cup, againreunite in the form of a single iiame, say7 at or a little below thepoint indicated by the contraction in the glass chimney B. By this meansthe character of the flame is radically changed from that which it wouldhave were the regulator omitted. Its size or dimensions is increased,and much more light is obtained. By increasing the number of' leaves ofthe regulator the iiame will be divided into a greater number of jets,and by lessening the number a correspondingly-reduced number of'jetswill result. I have found a fourieai'ed or three-leaf'ed cup will answerfor my purposes.

rlhedevice can, of course, be employed with lamps or lamp-burners ofother than the special construction I have shown. It is of valueespecially with burners for the more volatile hydrocarbons, as itproduces a decided change The flame i sav 124,017

in the form of the ame, increases the light greatly, and effects muchmore complete combustion. With a lamp such as shown, and with theflame-regulator, I use a chimney, B, with a contracted neck standingabove the top of the Wick at about the distance represented. The partofthe chimney above the contraction may be considerably shorter than isusual in ordinary contracted-neck chimneys. The chimney is supported ona chimney-rest or seat 0f ordinary or suitable construction, and the airadmitted to the flame should pass through the usual perforated.diaphragm or air-distributer, (not shoWn in the draWing,) Which is anindispensable adjunct of all chimney-burners, in order to steady thedraught and prevent ickering of the ame.

In a lamp such as described, rigoline, gasoline, and other of thevolatile products of dis- Witnesses:

M. BAILEY, EDM. F. BROWN.

